LinkedHashSet Custom implementation in java - How LinkedHashSet works internally with diagrams and full program




Contents of page :


In this post i will be explaining LinkedHashSet custom implementation.


1) Methods used in custom LinkedHashSet in java >
public void add(E value)
Add objects in setCustom
public boolean contains(E obj)
Method returns true if setCustom contains the object.
public boolean remove(E obj)
Method removes object from setCustom.
public void display()
-Method displays all objects in setCustom.
-Insertion order is guaranteed.


Most salient feature of LinkedHashSet is that it maintains insertion order of objects. We will be internally using LinkedHashMap.




2) Let’s find out answer of few very important questions before proceeding.


Q1. How LinkedHashSet implements hashing?
A. Method internally uses LinkedHashMap’s hash method for hashing.

Q2. How add method works internally?
A. public void add(E value){
          linkedHashMapCustom.put(value, null);
}


Method internally uses LinkedHashMapCustom’s put method for storing object.


Q3. How contains method works internally?
A. public boolean contains(E obj){
          return linkedHashMapCustom.contains(obj) !=null ? true :false;
}


Method internally uses LinkedHashMapCustom’s contains method for storing object.


Q4. How remove method works internally?
A. public boolean remove(E obj){
      return linkedHashMapCustom.remove(obj);
}    


Method internally uses LinkedHashMapCustom’s put remove for storing object.



3) Full Program/SourceCode for implementing custom LinkedHashSet in java >
package com.ankit;
/**
* @author AnkitMittal
* Copyright (c), AnkitMittal . All Contents are copyrighted and must not be reproduced in any form.
* This class provides custom implementation of LinkedHashSet(without using java api's- we will be using HashMapCustom)- which allows does not allow you to store duplicate values.
* Note- implementation does not allow you to store null values.
* maintains insertion order.
* @param <K>
* @param <V>
*/
class LinkedHashSetCustom<E>{
  
   private LinkedHashMapCustom<E, Object> linkedHashMapCustom;
   public LinkedHashSetCustom(){
          linkedHashMapCustom=new LinkedHashMapCustom<>();
   }
  
   /**
   * add objects in LinkedHashSetCustom.
   */
   public void add(E value){
          linkedHashMapCustom.put(value, null);
         
   }
   /**
    * Method returns true if LinkedHashSetCustom contains the object.
    * @param key
    */
   public boolean contains(E obj){
          return linkedHashMapCustom.contains(obj) !=null ? true :false;
   }
  
   /**
    * Method displays all objects in LinkedHashSetCustom.
    * insertion order is not guaranteed, for maintaining insertion order refer LinkedHashSet.
    */
   public void display(){
      linkedHashMapCustom.displaySet();
   }
  
   /**
    * Method removes object from setCustom.
    * insertion order is not guaranteed, for maintaining insertion order refer LinkedHashSet.
    * @param obj
    */
   public boolean remove(E obj){
      return linkedHashMapCustom.remove(obj);
   }
  
}
/** Copyright (c), AnkitMittal  JavaMadeSoEasy.com */
/**
* @author AnkitMittal
* Copyright (c), AnkitMittal . All Contents are copyrighted and must not be reproduced in any form.
* This class provides custom implementation of LinkedHashMap(without using java api's)- which allows us to store data in key-value pair form.
* It maintains insertion order, uses DoublyLinkedList for doing so.
* If key which already exists is added again, its value is overridden but insertion order does not change,
* BUT, if key-value pair is removed and value is again added than insertion order changes(which is quite natural behaviour).
* @param <K>
* @param <V>
*/
class LinkedHashMapCustom<K, V> {
  
   private Entry<K,V>[] table;   //Array of Entry.
   private int capacity= 4;  //Initial capacity of HashMap
   private Entry<K,V> header; //head of the doubly linked list.
   private Entry<K,V> last; //last of the doubly linked list.
   /*
    * before and after are used for maintaining insertion order.
    */
   static class Entry<K, V> {
       K key;
       V value;
       Entry<K,V> next;
       Entry<K,V> before;
         Entry<K,V> after;
        
       public Entry(K key, V value, Entry<K,V> next){
           this.key = key;
           this.value = value;
           this.next = next;
       }
   }
  
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public LinkedHashMapCustom(){
      table = new Entry[capacity];
   }
  
   /**
    * Method allows you put key-value pair in LinkedHashMapCustom.
    * If the map already contains a mapping for the key, the old value is replaced.
    * Note: method does not allows you to put null key thought it allows null values.
    * Implementation allows you to put custom objects as a key as well.
    * Key Features: implementation provides you with following features:-
    *     >provide complete functionality how to override equals method.
    *  >provide complete functionality how to override hashCode method.
    * @param newKey
    * @param data
    */
   public void put(K newKey, V data){
      if(newKey==null)
          return;    //does not allow to store null.
     
      int hash=hash(newKey);
      
      Entry<K,V> newEntry = new Entry<K,V>(newKey, data, null);
      maintainOrderAfterInsert(newEntry);     
       if(table[hash] == null){
        table[hash] = newEntry;
       }else{
          Entry<K,V> previous = null;
          Entry<K,V> current = table[hash];
          while(current != null){ //we have reached last entry of bucket.
         if(current.key.equals(newKey)){                
             if(previous==null){  //node has to be insert on first of bucket.
                   newEntry.next=current.next;
                   table[hash]=newEntry;
                   return;
             }
             else{
                newEntry.next=current.next;
                previous.next=newEntry;
                return;
             }
         }
         previous=current;
             current = current.next;
        }
        previous.next = newEntry;
       }
   }
  
   /**
    * below method helps us in ensuring insertion order of LinkedHashMapCustom after new key-value pair is added.
    */
   private void maintainOrderAfterInsert(Entry<K, V> newEntry) {
         
      if(header==null){
          header=newEntry;
          last=newEntry;
          return;
      }
     
      if(header.key.equals(newEntry.key)){
          deleteFirst();
          insertFirst(newEntry);
          return;
      }
     
      if(last.key.equals(newEntry.key)){
          deleteLast();
          insertLast(newEntry);
          return;
      }
     
      Entry<K, V> beforeDeleteEntry=    deleteSpecificEntry(newEntry);
      if(beforeDeleteEntry==null){
          insertLast(newEntry);
      }
      else{
          insertAfter(beforeDeleteEntry,newEntry);
      }
     
     
   }
   /**
    * below method helps us in ensuring insertion order of LinkedHashMapCustom, after deletion of key-value pair.
    */
   private void maintainOrderAfterDeletion(Entry<K, V> deleteEntry) {
         
      if(header.key.equals(deleteEntry.key)){
          deleteFirst();
          return;
      }
     
      if(last.key.equals(deleteEntry.key)){
          deleteLast();
          return;
      }
     
      deleteSpecificEntry(deleteEntry);
     
   }
   /**
    * returns entry after which new entry must be added.
    */
   private void insertAfter(Entry<K, V> beforeDeleteEntry, Entry<K, V> newEntry) {
      Entry<K, V> current=header;
          while(current!=beforeDeleteEntry){
                 current=current.after; //move to next node.
          }
         
          newEntry.after=beforeDeleteEntry.after;
          beforeDeleteEntry.after.before=newEntry;
          newEntry.before=beforeDeleteEntry;
          beforeDeleteEntry.after=newEntry;
         
   }
   /**
    * deletes entry from first.
    */
   void deleteFirst(){
      if(header==last){ //only one entry found.
                 header=last=null;
                 return;
          }
          header=header.after;
          header.before=null;
         
   }
  
   /**
   * inserts entry at first.
   */
   void insertFirst(Entry<K, V> newEntry){     
         
          if(header==null){ //no entry found
                 header=newEntry;
                 last=newEntry;
                 return;
          }
         
          newEntry.after=header;
          header.before=newEntry;
          header=newEntry;
         
   }
   /**
   * inserts entry at last.
   */
   void insertLast(Entry<K, V> newEntry){
         
          if(header==null){
                 header=newEntry;
                 last=newEntry;
                 return;
          }
          last.after=newEntry;
          newEntry.before=last;
          last=newEntry;
                
   }
  
   /**
   * deletes entry from last.
   */
   void deleteLast(){
         
          if(header==last){
                 header=last=null;
                 return;
          }
         
          last=last.before;
          last.after=null;
   }
  
   /**
   * deletes specific entry and returns before entry.
   */
   private Entry<K, V> deleteSpecificEntry(Entry<K, V> newEntry){
                      
          Entry<K, V> current=header;
          while(!current.key.equals(newEntry.key)){
                 if(current.after==null){   //entry not found
                       return null;
                 }
                 current=current.after; //move to next node.
          }
         
          Entry<K, V> beforeDeleteEntry=current.before;
          current.before.after=current.after;
          current.after.before=current.before; //entry deleted
          return beforeDeleteEntry;
   }
   /**
    * Method returns value corresponding to key.
    * @param key
    */
   public V get(K key){
       int hash = hash(key);
       if(table[hash] == null){
        return null;
       }else{
        Entry<K,V> temp = table[hash];
        while(temp!= null){
            if(temp.key.equals(key))
                return temp.value;
            temp = temp.next; //return value corresponding to key.
        }        
        return null;   //returns null if key is not found.
       }
   }
   /**
    * Method removes key-value pair from HashMapCustom.
    * @param key
    */
   public boolean remove(K deleteKey){
      
      int hash=hash(deleteKey);
            
     if(table[hash] == null){
          return false;
     }else{
     Entry<K,V> previous = null;
     Entry<K,V> current = table[hash];
    
     while(current != null){ //we have reached last entry node of bucket.
         if(current.key.equals(deleteKey)){
             maintainOrderAfterDeletion(current);
             if(previous==null){  //delete first entry node.
                    table[hash]=table[hash].next;
                   return true;
             }
             else{
                   previous.next=current.next;
                return true;
             }
         }
         previous=current;
            current = current.next;
         }
     return false;
     }
   
   }
  
   /**
    * Method displays all key-value pairs present in HashMapCustom.,
    * insertion order is not guaranteed, for maintaining insertion order refer linkedHashMapCustom.
    * @param key
    */
   public void display(){
      
      Entry<K, V> currentEntry=header;
      while(currentEntry!=null){
          System.out.print("{"+currentEntry.key+"="+currentEntry.value+"}" +" ");
          currentEntry=currentEntry.after;
      }
   
   }
   /**
    * Method implements hashing functionality, which helps in finding the appropriate bucket location to store our data.
    * This is very important method, as performance of HashMapCustom is very much dependent on  this method's implementation.
    * @param key
    */
   private int hash(K key){
       return Math.abs(key.hashCode()) % capacity;
   }
  
  
   /**
    * Method returns null if LinkedHashSetCustom does not contain object.
    * @param key
    */
   public K contains(K key){
       int hash = hash(key);
       if(table[hash] == null){
        return null;
       }else{
        Entry<K,V> temp = table[hash];
        while(temp!= null){
            if(temp.key.equals(key))
                return key;
            temp = temp.next; //return value corresponding to key.
        }        
       return null;   //returns null if key is not found.
       }
   }
  
   /**
    * Method displays all objects in LinkedHashSetCustom.
    * insertion order is maintained.
    * @param key
    */
   public void displaySet(){
      
      Entry<K, V> currentEntry=header;
      while(currentEntry!=null){
          System.out.print(currentEntry.key+" ");
          currentEntry=currentEntry.after;
      }
   
   }
}
/**
* Main class- to test HashMap functionality.
*/
public class LinkedHashSetCustomApp {
  
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      LinkedHashSetCustom<Integer> linkedHashSetCustom = new LinkedHashSetCustom<Integer>();
      linkedHashSetCustom.add(21);
      linkedHashSetCustom.add(25);
      linkedHashSetCustom.add(30);
      linkedHashSetCustom.add(33);
      linkedHashSetCustom.add(35);
         
          System.out.println("LinkedHashSetCustom contains 21 ="+linkedHashSetCustom.contains(21));
          System.out.println("LinkedHashSetCustom contains 51 ="+linkedHashSetCustom.contains(51));
         
       System.out.print("Displaying LinkedHashSetCustom: ");
       linkedHashSetCustom.display();
      
       System.out.println("\n\n21 removed: "+linkedHashSetCustom.remove(21));
       System.out.println("22 removed: "+linkedHashSetCustom.remove(22));
         
       System.out.print("Displaying LinkedHashSetCustom: ");
       linkedHashSetCustom.display();
   }
}
/*Output
LinkedHashSetCustom contains 21 =true
LinkedHashSetCustom contains 51 =false
Displaying LinkedHashSetCustom: 21 25 30 33 35
21 removed: true
22 removed: false
Displaying LinkedHashSetCustom: 25 30 33 35
*/


Summary of article >
In this tutorial we learned how to create and implement own/custom LinkedHashSet in java with full program, diagram and examples to insert and retrieve values in it.


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